Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Goat Types in Kellem Wollega Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

The current study was conducted to phenotypically characterize goat types found at Sayo, Gawo Qebe and Dale Wabara districts of Kellem Wollega zone, Oromia region. The study districts were selected purposively based on goat population potential. Three PAs from Gawo Qebe, three PAs from Sayo and two PAs from Dale Wabara were selected purposively based on targeted indigenous goat population potential and agro-ecology. A total of 468 mature goats (332 females &136 males) were identified and used in the current study. Body weight, linear body measurements and field observation were used to capture data. Data were analyzed by using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The primary reason for keeping goats in all districts was income generation followed by meat for home consumption. Appearance, growth rate, and coat color were the most preferred attributes in breeding buck selection. Feed shortage, predator and disease were the main goat production constraints in the areas. The overall mean dominant coat color type in the current study areas was grey (22.6%) followed by black (21.8%). The most common head profiles obtained were straight (75%), concave (14.7%) and convex (10.3%) for males. About 78.3% and 78.2% of male and female goats had semi-pendulous ear orientation, respectively. The highest positive correlation (r=0.89) was observed between body weight and chest girth; indicating that chest girth can be the best trait to predict body weight. In general, the study's breeding goals must be taken into account for genetic improvement, and constraints identified must be addressed. Additionally, molecular characterization is required to clearly understand the genetic relationship of goats in the study areas.