Formulation and in vitro evaluation of a mucoadhesive metronidazole dental gel for oral application

Abstract

Periodontitis is inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by microorganisms found in plaque. Metronidazole is commonly used for the treatment of periodontal diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis. Treatment of periodontal
disease orally using metronidazole tablets for a prolonged period can cause gastrointestinal disturbances in patients leading to poor patient compliance. This project aimed at formulating a mucoadhesive metronidazole dental gel preparation safe for use on the gums as a form of prophylaxis against infections caused by anaerobic bacteria after dental procedures. Formulation of the gel was carried out in the laboratory using different concentrations of Carbopol^® 971P NF. The gels obtained showed acceptable uniformity of content, pH, spreadability, in vitro diffusion characteristics as well as mucoadhesive and organoleptic properties.

Keywords: Metronidazole, mucoadhesive gel, oral application