Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Satisfaction from The Nurses' Perspective

Abstract

Context: There is a debate in the literature on the value of organizational citizenship behavior and its relation to job satisfaction. No research in Saudi Arabia has been published investigating organizational citizenship behavior among nurses. In addition, job satisfaction has been identified as the main solution to the high turnover rate among nurses in Saudi Arabia and one of the factors that could affect organizational citizenship behavior.

Aim: The current study aimed to determine the level of organizational citizenship behavior, assess the level of job satisfaction, and identify the relationship between organizational citizenship behaviors and job satisfaction from the nurses’ perspective.
Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional correlational study was conducted at the two largest government hospitals in Medina City, Saudi Arabia. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 315 nurses. The study used an electronic self-reporting questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, an organizational citizenship behavior scale, and a nurse job satisfaction scale.

Results: In this study, the overall level of organizational citizenship behavior among nurses was high (3.86±0.35). The overall level of nurses' job satisfaction was medium (2.88±0.76). There was a statistically significant positive relationship between overall organizational citizenship behavior and overall job satisfaction among nurses (r = 0.354, p-value <0.01).
Conclusion: This study provides evidence that increasing the level of job satisfaction among nurses will increase their levels of organizational citizenship behavior. Therefore, healthcare organizations must focus on certain interventions that could increase nurses' jobs satisfaction, such as providing adequate remuneration, increasing the capacity of nursing schools, emphasizing psychological support and participative leadership, and improving the community’s perception of the nursing profession.