Conflict Dynamics Behind The State Failure And The Challenges To Peace-Building: The Case Of Somalia

Abstract

This study aimed to examine Somalia conflict dynamics, trends and challenges impeding efforts to build peace in Somalia. The study used qualitative method with explanatory research design. The study indicated that the Somalia conflict has been caused and reinforced by different internal and external factors that exacerbates and sustains conflicts. The study further revealed that lack of inclusive politics and disproportionate influence by the Damul Jadiid members within the SFG is eroding its legitimacy and creating popular perception that it is not representative government of the Somalia political elites. Its key warring party, Al-Shabaab is down but not out as there is a weak or no synergy between international support led AMISOM and the SFG led internal political progress. Moreover, the study showed that AMISOM led military front has been successful. However, the SFG politics is lagging behind and threatening to derail even this huge sacrifice. This is because the SFG has failed to do a catch through strong constitutional political framework and functional local government. For achieving sustainable peace, the study recommend that the SFG politics must be inclusive of all politico-military actors, strong synergy between military achievements and the SFG political progress and continuation of external support and the SFG commitment to honestly confront the governance challenges facing the country.