Predictors of maternal outcomes among women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at selected health facilities, trans Nzoia County, Kenya

Abstract

Background: The outcome of pregnancy is dependent on many factors. The objective of this study was to identify the association of  socio-demographic factors on maternal outcomes of women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Methods: The study employed a  prospective single cohort design where 126 women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy were enrolled. Data was collected using structured questionnaires at baseline, antenatal follow-up(s), at labour, and delivery and postnatal period. Data was analyzed using  descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression.

Results: Majority (33%) were aged 35-39 years and 60% resided in the rural area. At first follow-up 76% had uncontrolled blood pressure. Of the women who underwent labour (n=104), 56% had spontaneous labour and  70% had preterm labour. A unit increase in household size increased the odds (OR=1.5) of women experiencing adverse outcomes during  pregnancy. Respondents residing in the rural area were less likely (OR=0.4) to experience maternal complications during the  postpartum period.

Conclusion: Majority of socio-demographic factors such as age, education, employment and household income were  not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes except household size and residence. This study recommends sensitization  through community outreaches on importance of early initiation and attendance of all ANC appointments.