Phenotypical characteristics of breast lesions in Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Breast lesions are major health concern worldwide with significant psychological stress and economic burden.

Objective: To study the characteristics of breast lesions in semi-urban area.

Design: A 2-year prospective study of 100 patients with breast lesions in Bowen Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomosho, Oyo state, Nigeria, was carried out between November 2014 and October 2016.

Results: Of 100 patients, 96 were females, 4 males. Age ranged from 18 - 86years with mean age at 38.8years ± 16.8. Breast lesions frequently occurred between age 30-39years, constituting 30% study populace. Benign breast lesions (BBL) constituted49%, while malignant breast lesions (MBL) constituted 51%. Fibroadenoma was the most common BBL (34%), while invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common MBL (34%). The Right breast had 59% lesions, while the left breast had 39%. Only two patients (2%) had bilateral breast lesions. Seventy-seven percent were pre-menopausal (44% benign, 33% malignant), while 19 (19%) were post-menopausal (3% benign, 16% malignant). Majority (42%) presented in late stage with average breast masses between 5 x 3 x 1 cm and 10 x 4 x 2 cm.

Overall: 71% of patients had breast mass only; 8% had fungating mass with chest wall attachment while another 8% had peaudorange, pain and nipple retraction; 9% had diffuse breast swelling; 2% had breast ulcer, mass and pain; while another 2% had breast mass fixed to the skin.

Conclusion: Malignant breast lesions (MBL) were more common in these communities during the study period.

Keywords: Breast lesions, Phenotypical characteristics, Ogbomosho, Nigeria