Urinary tract infection among pregnant women in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Bahir Dar, north west Ethiopia: Prevalence and associated risk factors..

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in humans, both in the community and hospital. It is a serious health problem affecting millions of people each year and is the leading cause of Gram-negative bacteriaemia. The aim of this study is to determine prevalence and associated risk factors UTI among pregnant women in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia.
Methods: A total of 367 pregnant women with and without symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) were enrolled as a study subject from January 2011 to April 2011. Mid stream clean catch urine samples were collected and processed following standard bacteriological tests. Data concerning associated risk factors were collected using structured questionnaires and were processed and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS version 16).
Result: The overall prevalence of UTI was 9.5% (35/367). Bivariate analysis of socio-demographic characterstics and associated risk factors of UTI showed that family income level (family monthly income level < 500 birr; P=0.006, OR=5.581, CI=1.658, 18.793 and 501-1000 birr, P=0.039, OR=3.429, CI=1.065, 11.034), anaemia (P=0.003, OR=4.388, CI=1.776, 10.839), sexual activity (P=0.032, OR=3.520, CI=1.197,10.363) and past history of UTI (P=0.000, OR=3.397, CI=1.672, 6.902) were found to be factors significantly associated with increase prevalence of UTI. While multiparity (P=0.717, OR=1.181, CI=0.481, 2.901), history of catheterization (P=0.32, OR=1.952, CI= 0.410, 9.286), genitourinary abnormality (P=0.555, OR=1.366, CI=0.163, 11.432), maternal age (25-34 years; P=0.372, OR=1.374, CI=0.684, 2.763, 35-44 years; P=0.999, OR=0.000, CI=0.000), gestational age (second trimester; P=0.251, OR=0.558, CI=0.206, 1.510, third trimester; P=0.287, OR=0.596, CI=0.230,1.543 ) and educational status (illiteracy; P=0.361, OR=1.701, CI=0.544, 5.315, read and write; P=0.233, OR=2.867, CI=0.509, 16.155) was not significantly associated with UTI among pregnant women.
Conclusion: In this study the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women at FHRH was comparable with other previous studies in Ethiopia and elsewhere. The prevalence of UTI was high among pregnant women in the presence of associated risk factor

Key word: prevalence, risk factors, pregnant women, Bahir Dar