Mood Disorders Associated With Pituitary Adenoma

Abstract

Pituitary adenomas have been found to exhibit associations with various mood disorders, including depression, mania, and anxiety  disorders. Additionally, these adenomas have been observed to manifest other psychiatric symptoms, such as psychosis, eating  disorders, apathy, and suicidal ideation. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, employing diverse search engines including  PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. The search terms utilised encompassed "pituitary adenomas," "mood disorders,"  "Hypothalamo-pituitary axis," "hypopituitarism," "acromegaly," "depression," "mania," and "psychosis." The publications that were  chosen consisted of case reports and relevant research articles. There is a high prevalence of comorbidity between pituitary adenomas  and depressive and anxiety disorders. The manifestation of these symptoms can be attributed to the endocrine dysfunction associated with pituitary adenomas, as well as the physical impact and infiltration of the tumours into the brain. Furthermore, it has been noted that  apathy syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome may be mistakenly diagnosed as depression among individuals within this specific  patient demographic. Mood disorders can impact the process of diagnosing and treating pituitary adenomas. Diseases of this nature can  potentially impact patients' daily functioning and their ability to engage in social activities. These individuals require suitable medical  intervention to enhance their prognosis.