Phytochemical, Nutritional, Anti-Nutritional Evaluation and Antimicrobial Analysis of Pleurotus Ostreatus from Oshogbo in Osun State, Nigeria

Abstract

The study was carried out to determine the nutritional constituents, anti-nutritional composition, antimicrobial activity and phytochemical  composition of Pleurotus ostreatus. Samples were determined in triplicates to ascertain the nutritional quality of the  mushrooms. The proximate analysis revealed that Pleurotus ostreatus contains moisture (27.0), Ash content (29.8) crude fibre (9.20),  crude protein (28.74), crude fat (3.18), carbohydrate (2.08). Phytale (++), oxalate (+++) are the anti-nutritional factors detected. The  screening of bioactive compounds confirmed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, steroids, glycosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids.  Antimicrobial analysis on several bacterial species tested revealed inhibitory effects against Streptococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhi,  Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibitory zones (ZI), the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC),and the minimum  bactericidal concentrations (MBC), for the tested microbes were:- S. aureaus ; 20mm, 25mm, and 16mm Bacillus subtilis 14mm, 17mm  and 30mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15.5mm, 20mm and 26mm, Salmonella typhi 10.5mm, 17.5mm and 12mm, mL respectively.  Candida albican, the only fungus did not show any. The observed antimicrobial activities of the extracts may be due to the presence of  these bioactive compounds. Pleurotus ostreatus can therefore be used as an antimicrobial agent against some of the inhibitory bacteria.  The findings of the nutritional analysis indicated that Pleurotus ostreatus contains essential and valuable nutrients that are beneficial to  the human body.