Assessment of The Prospects of β-Sitosterol and its Derivatives as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammation

Abstract

One of the most common bioactive phytosterols found in plants is β-sitosterol. It functions as inflammation reducer, oxidation inhibitor,  immunosuppressive and antiarthritis. Inflammation is implicated in severe ailments, and it is a condition that has led to several dead in  the world. Most of the drugs utilized in the management of inflammation have been found to restrain the performance of the immune  system. β-sitosterol acetate and β-sitosterol triol were synthesized from β-sitosterol and tested for antioxidant on 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide. Also, inflammatory inhibition  was assayed with lipoxygenase, proteinase, albumin denaturation inhibition and membrane stabilization. Results of the DPPH and ABTS  performance of β-sitosterol and its synthesized products were comparable while βsitosterol acetate had higher hydrogen peroxide  scavenging activity than β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol triol. The three samples showed no significant difference (P<0.05) on lipoxygenase  inhibition but βsitosterol triol had higher proteinase inhibition at 10 – 100 µg/mL. Also, at a measurement 150 µg/mL, β-sitosterol acetate  recorded remarkably better performance in albumin denaturation suppressant and membrane stabilization. The synthesized products of  β-Sitosterol had better antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities than β-sitosterol. The derivatives β-sitosterol would offer enhanced  therapeutic effects on inflammation and other diseases.