Screening of some commonly cultivated tomato varieties against Fusarium wilt in Jama’are, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Abstract

Fusarium wilt disease of tomato is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and is a limiting factor to tomato production in Nigeria. This research was conducted to assess the effect of Fusarium oxysporum on some tomato varieties cultivated in Jama’are, Bauchi state. The objectives of this research work were to isolate and identify pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum) from the soil, to determine the incidence and severity of Fusarium wilt on different varieties of Tomato grown in Jama’are, and to determine the most resistance variety among four different varieties. The experiment was laid in a Completely Randomized design (CRD) with four replications. The four tomato varieties (Roma Savanna, Rio Grande, UC82B and Tropimech) were inoculated at the root region by making shallow groove around the base of the plant in the root region and placing 3 g mycelia plug of 7 days old pure culture of F. oxysporum face-down close to the root of the seedling and covered with soil. At two weeks intervals after treatments the seedlings were then observed for symptoms of wilt infection. Data on disease incidence (%), were collected based on observation after which they were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. The Disease Incidence Percentage for Roma Savanna, Rio Grande, UC28B and Tropimech were evaluated to be 51.6%, 18.2 %,38.4 % and 43.3 % respectively while the Disease Severity Percentage were 72.1%, 24.8%, 40.9% and 62.3% respectively. The findings of this research reveals that; there is a significant effect of F. oxysporum on the tomato varieties, all the varieties were severely infected to some degree, and that of all species, Roma savanna was moderately resistant to F. oxysporum to some degree. This agrees with other findings in the literature, as Fusarium oxysporum affects different varieties of tomato at different growth stages. Also, it was observed that screening excises involving selecting of non-infected seedlings with Fusarium species and other fungi should be done prior to transplanting.