Assessment of ambient air within the vicinity of charcoal production site in Kunguni Community, Kwali Area Council in Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

Charcoal production is a prevalent practice in many communities, and its impact on local air quality is a growing concern. This study investigates the presence and spatial distribution of air pollutants in a producing community within a 200-meter radius in Kunguni, Kwali Area Council, Nigeria. The study assessed ambient air quality, pollutant levels (NO₂, SO₂, CO, NH₃, H₂S, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀), and their variation across different sampling points and times. The study utilized an experimental research design and collected primary data from the charcoal production community. Data analysis involved techniques like linear regression and time series regression to understand spatial and temporal patterns. Key findings include the absence of NO₂ and NH₃ emissions from charcoal production, while H₂S concentrations remained within permissible limits. The concentrations of SO₂, CO, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ were notably elevated across sampling points, often exceeding permissible limits. Consequently, the study underscores the potential health risks faced by both charcoal producers and residents in the Kunguni community due to pollutant inhalation, which could lead to respiratory and cardiovascular issues. This research emphasizes the need for better air quality management in the charcoal-producing region, addressing pollutants like SO₂, CO, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ to safeguard public health and reduce associated risks. This study also serves as a stark reminder of the critical importance of addressing air pollution at its source to protect both human health and the environment.