Advances in the synthesis, characterizations and applications of barium titanate. A review

Abstract

Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) is a compound that has a structure called perovskite. Synthesis of BaTiO₃ can be done by employing separate methods. BaTiO₃ has four polymorphs which are cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic and rhombohedral, depending on the temperature, it has a tetragonal structure at ambient temperature. This paper aims to review different synthesis methods of BaTiO3, these techniques can be used in the process of making ceramics as a molding material and also as an intermediate between thin films of metal oxides in various applications. The characterization techniques mostly used in determining the lattice constant, crystal structure functional group, morphology, elemental compositions and electrical properties, of the nanomaterial, including the various applications of BaTiO₃ which includes modern electronic appliances and electrical power systems, the Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCs), biological, and microwave absorption, due to their piezoelectric and dielectric properties are reviewed.