Impact of management of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcome in Africa: A narrative review

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) has become a great threat during pregnancy, particularly in Africa. It often contributes to either mortality or morbidity for both mother and child. This narrative review aims to evaluate the impact of control of GDM on pregnancy outcomes in Africa from studies between 2014 and 2024. The review identifies relevant studies that identify the position of early diagnosis and appropriate management of GDM to improve maternal and foetal outcomes. The findings suggest that proper management of GDM can meaningfully decrease the risks of adverse pregnancy consequences like, preterm delivery, preeclampsia for mothers and macrosomia ,hypoglycemia for the newborn. However, there are challenges in the management of GDM in Africa, these include inadequate access to healthcare amenities, insufficient screening programs, and a lack of standardised treatment guidelines. Future studies should concentrate on strategies to improve the management of GDM in resource-limited settings to lessen maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality.