Adolescent autism in Nigeria: Prevalence, factors and recommendations

Abstract

Background: Autism in adolescence is a common disorder within and beyond the shores of Nigeria. It is therefore imperative to review their peculiarities and plausible approaches as have been proven effective at this time for easing the burden.

Aims: To establish the magnitude of adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), specific problems associated with ASD in adolescents, and the impact on their academic performance and quality of life with a focused look on school-based interventions applicable in Nigeria.

Methods: A review of existing literature over the last 10 years from Google Scholar and Pubmed.

Results: There is a high prevalence of ASD in adolescents and the underlying factors are complex and interrelated. Available studies have shown the disorder’s impact on various aspects of academics and social life. Evidence-based interventions have been explored to improve outcomes.

Conclusion: There is sufficient indication of a large burden of autism in adolescents. Thus, research in this field must be expanded towards improving general education for adolescents with autism, as well as the inclusion of programs targeted at meeting the individual needs of these adolescents.