Cytotoxicity, Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity of the Leaves Extract of Annona Muricata

Abstract

The leaves of Annona muricata were extracted using ethanol and the extracts were evaluated for cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging assay. The crude extract showed 73.33 % mortality at 1000 μg/mL concentration and its LC₅₀-value was 1.59 μg/mL against brine shrimp larvae. The crude extract exhibited a significant toxicity in comparison with the positive control, the potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) with LC₅₀-value 0.57 μg/mL. The TPC assay of the extracts was expressed as mg of tannic acid equivalent per gram of sample and mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of sample, the result showed the content of phenolic compounds as 266.86 ± 2.21 mg·TAE/g and 278.60 ± 4.21 mg·GAE/g respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extracts displayed a signigicant free radical scavenging capacity with the IC₅₀ value of 2.58 μg/ml compared with the standard drugs, the ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ 0.563 μg/mL) and the butylated hydroxytoluene (IC₅₀ 0.570 μg/mL). The result suggested that the antioxidant property exhibited by the ethanol extract could be associated with its high total phenolic contents.

Keywords: Annona muricata, Antioxidants, Cytotoxicity, Total Phenolic Contents