Assessment of gaseous pollutants, particulate matter and meteorological parameters around Ibom Power Plant in Ikot Abasi Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigates the concentrations of gaseous pollutants, particulate matter, and meteorological parameters around the Ibom Power Plant in Ikot Abasi Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, over one year. Using standard analytical methods, key pollutants such as NO₂, SO₂, CO, TVOC, CH₂O, PM₂.5, and PM₁₀ were monitored, alongside meteorological parameters like temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and wind speed. The monthly average concentrations of pollutants exceeded the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) standards for NO₂, SO₂, CO, TVOC, CH₂O, PM₂.5, and PM₁₀. Seasonal analysis showed significant differences in pollutant levels between wet and dry seasons, with higher concentrations generally observed during the dry season. Notably, the Air Quality Index (AQI) indicated severe pollution levels for most pollutants throughout the study period, except for occasional moderate levels of SO₂ and CO. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between various pollutants, suggesting common sources or similar influencing factors. Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping further highlighted critical concentrations of NO₂ and CH₂O, with moderate levels of TVOC and low concentrations of SO₂, CO, PM₂.5, and PM₁₀. These findings underscore the potential health risks associated with prolonged exposure to elevated pollutant levels in the study area.