Exploring the therapeutic potential of tomato varieties in Alzheimer's disease: A focus on radical scavenging abilities and acetylcholinesterase inhibition

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease presents a significant global health challenge, with limited effective treatments available. Natural compounds,  particularly those found in fruits and vegetables, have garnered attention for their potential therapeutic benefits in Alzheimer's disease.  In this study, investigation was carried out on the antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of three tomato varieties Trichosanthes  cucumerina (Snake tomato), Solanum lycopersicum Linn (Hausa variety), and Solanum lycopersicum Linn (Yoruba variety) in an  Alzheimer's disease model induced by aluminum chloride using Drosophila melanogaster. Through in vivo and in vitro analysis, the  radical scavenging abilities and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of each tomato variety was assessed. Findings reveal that Snake tomato  exhibits potent radical scavenging abilities and significant AChE inhibition, suggesting its therapeutic potential in mitigating Alzheimer's  disease pathology. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of Snake tomato correlated with its phenolic and flavonoid contents,  highlighting its neuroprotective effects. While Solanum lycopersicum Linn (Hausa and Yoruba varieties) also demonstrated antioxidant  properties, Snake tomato emerged as the most promising candidate for Alzheimer's disease management. These results show the  importance of exploring natural compounds as alternative therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease and warrant further  investigation into the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of tomato varieties.