Precision and accuracy determination of horizontal geodetic networks using least squares technique

Abstract

The determination of precision and accuracy in horizontal geodetic networks using a least squares adjustment is a complex process that has a range of available software applications. However, it is commonly observed that users may not possess a complete understanding of the underlying theories and equations that inform the development of such software. This paper presents a set of step-by-step procedures for determining the precision and accuracy of horizontal geodetic networks using the observation equation method of the least squares technique. In the sample calculation, the a posteriori variance and standard error were computed to obtain the precision and accuracy of the network, respectively. The inverse of the normal matrix was multiplied with the a posteriori variance to obtain the precision of the adjusted parameter. The square root of the precision was evaluated to obtain the accuracy of the adjusted parameter. The enumerated procedures are presented in a sequential order to ensure ease of comprehension for users. Additionally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the procedures and to enhance understanding of the concepts presented. The computed adjusted network's precision and accuracy are 0.723m2 and 0.850m respectively. Our objective is to provide users with the necessary tools and knowledge required to confidently perform this task.