Gestion des risques de maladies des poissons d’élevage dans le Département de la Mvila, Sud-Cameroun

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to contribute to the improvement of fish production through better practice of disease prevention measures. A biosecurity audit was carried out from March to May 2023 on 40 farms in the Mvila Division (2°48' 272" - 2°48' 993" N; 10°55' 066" - 10°56' 078" E), Southern Region of  Cameroon. Semi-structured interviews and direct observation were used to collect data on socio-economic, zootechnical characteristics and biosecurity practice. The main results showed that, overall, the compliance rate (34.58%) and adoption rate (34.48%) of biosecurity measures were intermediate. Training received in fish farming and constraints associated with biosecurity practices, the production system, the production phase, culture facilities and disease diagnosis significantly affected the compliance rate. In addition, compliance with biosecurity measures significantly reduced fish mortality rates. A strong, positive and significant regression was established between the training received in fish farming and the biosecurity compliance rate, while constraints related to biosecurity practices were strongly, negatively and significantly associated with the compliance rate. The government must focus on training and capacity building of fish farmers in biosecurity.