Oxidative stress biomarkers in infertile men: a comparative study in Kano, northwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, with oxidative stress implicated as a potential contributor. Male infertility is a complex condition with multiple genetic and hormonal factors contributing to its etiology.
Aim: This research aimed to estimate serum level oxidative stress biomarkers (Malondialdehyde (MDA), Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)) among infertile men in Kano.
Method: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted; one hundred and twenty (120) participants were recruited into the study. The study participants were divided into two groups. Sixty (60) infertile men and sixty (60) fertile control men. Oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed using ELISA technique from both infertile men and fertile control men.
Result: From these findings; 80% infertile men attending Abubakar Imam Urology Center, Kano have primary infertility, 20% have erectile dysfunction, 18% have history of infertility, 8.3% are cigarette smokers, 70% have oligospermia. There was significant oxidative stress with increased levels of malondialdehyde and decrease levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase among infertile men (p-value <0.0001).
Conclusion: These findings suggest oxidative stress may contribute to the pathophysiology of male infertility. These results have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. There is need to develop oxidative stress biomarkers testing profile for infertile patients, this will enable better diagnosis and management of infertility and potentially improving treatment outcomes.