Comparative quantitative phytochemicals screening of aqueous, methanol and hexane leaves extracts of Azadirachta indica “life giving tree”

Abstract

The Azadirachta indica tree is an incredible plant that has been declared the “Tree of the 21st century” by the United Nations, as the tree  for solving global problems, with incredible antibacterial, antifungal and antimalarial activities used traditionally.

Aim: The aim of the  study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals of aqueous methanol and hexane leaves extract of Azadirachrata  indica.

Methodology: The study was carried out to determine the phytochemical content responsible for these activity. Fresh leaves were  collected, aqueous, methanolic and hexane extracts of the collected leaves were prepared, and the extracts were screened for  phytochemical constituent using standard methods.

Result: Results of the phytochemical screening of all the crude extracts revealed the  presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, phenol, alkaloid and flavonoid. In aqueous extract, flavonoid show higher content of 14.53%,  followed by alkaloids with 11.03%, methanol with higher content of alkaloid with 11.65%, and hexane with the highest in tepernoid with  only 2.37%.

Conclusion: Based on the present study, it can be concluded that the extracts of Azadirachta indica are rich source of  phytocemicalcs and Flavonoid is found to be most abundant phytochemical presence which could be the reason for pharmacological  activity that is used traditionally by many people as an alternative treatment for a variety of health diseases.