Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of urinary tract pathogens among diabetic mellitus disease patients in Benin City, Edo State

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection caused by more resistant pathogens in patients with diabetic mellitus are more severe and is associated with worse outcomes than in patients without diabetes mellitus.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of urinary tract pathogen, its associated risk factors and
antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among diabetic mellitus patients in Benin City.
Methodology: Two hundred diabetic mellitus disease patients consisting of 62 males and 138
females within the age range 16 to 99years constituted the study group. Clean catch
midstream urine sample was collected and viewed macroscopically, cultured and incubated
aerobically at 370C for 24hrs. Bauer and Kirby antimicrobial susceptibility test was done on
isolated pathogens. The results obtained were analyzed statistically.
Results: A 28.5% UTI was obtained. Gender and Age of participants significantly imparted
on the prevalence of UTI ((p=0.001; p=0.009). Educational status, marital status, number of
years infected with DM and occupation significantly influenced the acquisition of UTI
(p=0.009; p=0.030; p=0.023; p=0.001); Mode of residence did not significantly influence the
prevalence of UTI (p = 0.356). The Gram negative organisms were less inhibited by the
cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones while the Gram positive organism was susceptible to the
cephalosporins (ceftazidime and cefuroxime) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin and levofloxacine).
Conclusion: Prevention of infection and early detection of UTI is the key to reducing
complications from bacterial infections in Diabetic mellitus disease patients.