Amelioration of radiation-induced cellular alterations in rats administered with solvent fractions of methanol leaf extracts of Adansonia digitata and Corchorus olitorius

Abstract

Exposure of rats to radiation results in an increase of free radical level from subtoxic (24 μg/mol) to a toxic concentration (120 μg/mol) in the system of rats. Free radical level above 120 μg/mol, leads to dysregulated Nf-kB and Nrf-2, thus exacerbating oxidative stress and cellular alterations in rats. This study investigated the effects of solvents (n-hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol) fractions of Adansonia digitata and Corchorus olitorius leaves in radiation-induced Nf-kB and Nrf-2 dysregulation in Cellular System of Rats. A total of 48 rats (198 ± 5.00g) were used in this study and were distributed into 8 groups of 6 each. Group I were fed with rat chow and distilled water only, all other groups were irradiated, such that groups II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX were administered distilled water, n-hexane fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius, ethylacetate fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius, n-butanol fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius and Vitamin-C at 1000 mg/kg body weight respectively. Secondary metabolites screening of A. digitata and C. olitorius revealed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenol, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. irradiation significantly (p<0.05) increased Nf-kB, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and significantly (p<0.05) reduced Nrf-2 and antioxidant capacity. Administration of solvents fractions at 1000 mg/kg bwt significantly (p<0.05) reduced Nf-kB, ALP, ALT and significantly (p<0.05) increased Nrf-2 and antioxidant capacity of rats in the treated groups, such that, n-butanol fraction is the most effective. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test at p<0.05. n-butanol fractions, can therefore be explored as oral remedy against cellular alterations in rats.