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Published:
Nov 26, 2007Keywords:
<i>Citrullus colocynthis Coccinia grandis Cucumis metuliferus Cucumis prophetarum </i> Protein Oil Fatty acids Antioxidants Minerals
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CHEMICAL CONTENT OF THE SEEDS AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE SEED OILS FROM CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS, COCCINIA GRANDIS, CUCUMIS METULIFERUS AND CUCUMIS PROPHETARUM OF NIGER
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of the seeds of Citrullus colocynthis,Coccinia grandis, Cucumis metuliferus and Cucumis prophetarum belonging to the family of Cucurbitaceae. For each variety, the ash, protein, fat, calcium, copper, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc were determined. The oils were characterized by the determination of the acid (IA), iodine (II), saponification (IS), refraction (IR) numbers as well as the fatty acids and anti-oxidants composition and the
non-saponification percentage. Our results showed: 13.19-26.86 % protein content, 14.48-24.62 % fat content, and 2.00-4.46 % ash content. Respectively the mineral matter was as
follow: calcium (246.90-569.47 mg/100 g); copper (5.10-5.79 mg/100 g); iron (10.95-15.57 mg/100 g); magnesium (209.83-289.07 mg/100 g); potassium (465.27-1205.12 mg/100 g); phosphorus (30.03-49.13 mg/100 g); sodium (11.89-16.67 mg/100 g) and zinc (1.05-2.92 mg/100 g). The physicochemical characterization of the oil revealed that: IA was within 2.90-6.31 mg of KOH/g, IS within 171.67-208.90 mg of KOH/g, II within 138.10-146.74 g of iodine for 100 g of oils and IR within 1.4607-1.4620. The non-saponification percentage was within 1.07-3.39 % and the predominant fatty acids were palmitic acid (15.12-17.29 %), stearic acid (7.65-9.04 %),
oleic acid (10.77 %-18.57 %) and linoleic acid (56.21-64.188 %). The study of the anti-oxidants fraction showed: 8.04-80 mg/kg α-tocopherol content,
83.14-619.37 mg/kg γ-tocopherol content and 0.05-0.23 mg/kg β-carotene content.
KEY WORDS: Citrullus colocynthis, Coccinia grandis, Cucumis metuliferus, Cucumis prophetarum, Protein, Oil, Fatty acids, Antioxidants, Minerals
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2007, 21(3), 323-330.
non-saponification percentage. Our results showed: 13.19-26.86 % protein content, 14.48-24.62 % fat content, and 2.00-4.46 % ash content. Respectively the mineral matter was as
follow: calcium (246.90-569.47 mg/100 g); copper (5.10-5.79 mg/100 g); iron (10.95-15.57 mg/100 g); magnesium (209.83-289.07 mg/100 g); potassium (465.27-1205.12 mg/100 g); phosphorus (30.03-49.13 mg/100 g); sodium (11.89-16.67 mg/100 g) and zinc (1.05-2.92 mg/100 g). The physicochemical characterization of the oil revealed that: IA was within 2.90-6.31 mg of KOH/g, IS within 171.67-208.90 mg of KOH/g, II within 138.10-146.74 g of iodine for 100 g of oils and IR within 1.4607-1.4620. The non-saponification percentage was within 1.07-3.39 % and the predominant fatty acids were palmitic acid (15.12-17.29 %), stearic acid (7.65-9.04 %),
oleic acid (10.77 %-18.57 %) and linoleic acid (56.21-64.188 %). The study of the anti-oxidants fraction showed: 8.04-80 mg/kg α-tocopherol content,
83.14-619.37 mg/kg γ-tocopherol content and 0.05-0.23 mg/kg β-carotene content.
KEY WORDS: Citrullus colocynthis, Coccinia grandis, Cucumis metuliferus, Cucumis prophetarum, Protein, Oil, Fatty acids, Antioxidants, Minerals
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2007, 21(3), 323-330.
