Prevalence of Schistosomiasis among Secondary School Boarding Students in Potiskum Metropolis, Yobe State, North-Eastern Nigeria

Abstract

Schistosomiasis remains one of the world’s most prevalent diseases of public health importance. Despite more than a century of control efforts and the introduction of highly effective antischistosomal drug the eradication of the disease is still far from actualization. Six hundred (300 stool and300 urine) samples were collected randomly from the students who consented after obtaining some vital demographic data from them. The stool samples were processed using formol ether concentration techniques while the urine samples were processed by ordinary centrifugal sedimentation technique. The result obtained was tested using Chi-square. Of 600 samples, 30 urine samples were positive for S.haematobium giving 10.0% urinary schistosomiasis, while 6 faecal samples were positive for S. mansoni giving 2.0% intestinal schistosomiasis and an overall 6.0% of schistosomiasis.The result indicates that there is an increase in prevalence with increase in age. The infection rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among males (8.5%) than among females (1.0%).Infection was higher (11.2%) among students whose normal source of drinking water is stream, followed by those whose source of drinking water is well (4.0%) and the least among those using tap water (2.2%). The prevalence of schistosomiasis in relation to schools indicates a significant relationship (p < 0.05).FGSS had the highest prevalence (11.5%), followed by GSSTSS with 5.5% and GGSS recorded the least with 1.0%. Lack of prompt diagnosis, inadequate knowledge on the causes of schistosomiasis, unsuitable water supply and exposure to water bodies may be the likely predisposing factors responsible for the prevalence rate recorded in the study area.