In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Anogeissus leiocarpus Dc (Stem Bark) Extracts against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Antibacterial secreening of ethanolic, aqueous and chloroform extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus was carried out against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The result shows that all the extract exhibited antibacterial activity against the test organisms with the exception of the lowest concentration of aqueous and chloroform extract. Ethanolic extracts at concentration of 300ug/ml showed greater activity against E. coli (16mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (15mm) than the remaining extracts. Activity was greater against E.coli in response to all fractions (16mm, 15mm, and 12mm respectively at the highest concentrations than the Staphylococcus aureus (14mm, 11mm, and 9mm). Results showed that, antibacterial activity of the extracts was dose - dependant. Augmentin and gentamicine were the antibiotics used as the positive control discs against the test organisms. These antibiotics showed greater activity than the crude extracts respectively. The bioactive compounds detected in the extracts were alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and saponins. As there is growing interest in obtaining sample of plant materials with a view to explore the possibilities for medicinal products and in addition the current global upsurge of bacterial resistance to antibacterial drugs, the plant may be used as promising candidate for drug development.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Extracts, Concentration, Bioactivity, Inhibition. Anogeissus leiocarpus