Phytochemistry and Inhibitory Activity of Chrozophora senegalensis Extracts against Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates

Abstract

Dried leaves of Chrozophora senegalensis were extracted with acetone and hexane respectively using percolation method. The crude leaf extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening for the presence of secondary metabolites using standard procedures. The inhibitory activities of the extracts were tested against clinical bacterial isolates of E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The results of phytochemical screening have demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, reducing sugars, tannins and saponins in acetone extracts while hexane extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids and saponins only. The result of antibacterial activity indicated that all the test isolates were sensitive to hexane extracts while Proteus spp. was the only isolate sensitive to Acetone extracts at equal concentration of 30Bg/disc. Apart from Salmonella spp. which had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 500 and 1000Bg/ml, the MIC and MBC of the remaining isolates were greater than the highest concentration 2000Bg/ml used in this study.

Keywords: Phytochemistry, Inhibitory activity, Chrozophora senegalensis, Extracts, Clinical bacterial isolates