In vitro study of the anthelmintic activity of aqueous and methanol extract of Guiera senegalensis against egg hatch and larval developmental of Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

The anthelmintic potential of methanol and aqueous extracts of G. senegalensis in vitro against the egg hatch and larval development of C. elegans Bristol N2 (susceptible to ivermectin) and C. elegans DA1316 (ivermectin resistant strain) was evaluated.. The eggs and larvae were incubated in aqueous and methanol extracts of the stem bark of G. senegalensis with the serial concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml. Methanol extracts of G. senegalensis which inhibited above 80% egg hatch in both strains of C. elegans were moderately effective whereas the aqueous extracts were ineffective. Both aqueous and methanol extracts which recorded up to 90% inhibition of larval development against C. elegans DA1316, as well as C. elegans Bristol N2, were considered effective. However, methanol extract proved more efficient than the aqueous extract against larval development as well as egg hatch in both strains of C. elegans (P < 0.05). The effects of the extracts on the egg hatch and larval development of C. elegans Bristol N2 was similar compared to that of C. elegans DA1316 (P > 0.05). Therefore, extract from G. senegalensis can be use against ivermectin resistant parasitic nematodes. Guiera senegalensis may be used as a natural source of lead compounds to produce anthelmintic drugs. Cytotoxicity test should be conducted before the extracts are tested in vivo on the infected ruminant animals.

Keywords: Activity, anthelminitic, Caenorhabditis elegans, egg hatch, G. senegalensis, larval development