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Sep 19, 2023Keywords:
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Influence of socio-demographic and clinical factors on emotional disturbance and quality of life of patients with spinal cord injury in Kano City
Abstract
Purpose: The study evaluated the influence of socio-demographic and clinical factors on emotional disturbance (anxiety and depression) and quality of life (QOL) of patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Kano city. Method: In the cross-sectional survey, patients with SCI were recruited from secondary and tertiary hospitals in Kano City using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Anxiety, depression, and QOL were assessed using the Hamilton anxiety scale, Beck depression inventory, and QOL index for SCI injury respectively. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and Logistic regression using SPSS version 20. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 42 participants took part in the study. Their mean age was 39.07±12.17 years (range 18-64 years). Thirty-seven (88.1%) of the participants are males, 25 (59.5%) had minimal anxiety, 29 (69%) had moderate depression and 27 (64.3%) had good QOL. Occupation (x2=11.67, p<0.005) and marital status after injury (x2=8.05, p<0.009) were significantly association with depression, while none of the other socio-demographic and clinical variables was significantly associated with anxiety, depression, or QOL (P>0.05 for all). Marital status after the injury has a significant influence on depression (β=3.24, OR=25.47, CI=1.48 - 438.78; P<0.05) but none of the socio-demographic and clinical factors have a significant influence on anxiety (P>0.05 for all). Incontinence (β=-4.19, OR=0.02, CI= 0.00-0.89; P<0.05) and depression (β=4.76, OR=116.7, CI=1.45-937, P<0.05) have significant influence on QOL.
Conclusions and Implications: Participants experienced minimal to moderate emotional disturbances but enjoyed moderate QOL. Emotional disturbance was influenced by Socio-demographic factors such as loss of job and being single after the injury while QOL was influenced by clinical factors such as depression and incontinence. The ability to retain jobs and marriages could help patients cope with the psychological trauma often associated with SCI.
