Effect of Sex Hormones on Progression of Diabetic Renal Disease in Experimental Model of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Introduction: In diabetes there is a state of imbalance in the sex hormone levels However, whether these changes in sex hormone correlate with the decline in renal function associated with diabetes is unclear

Aim of the work: Was to study the effect of 17 beta estradiole in female and testosterone propionate in male diabetic or gonadectionzed diabetic animals on the progression of diabetic renal disease.

Methods: This work was carried on 40 female and 40 male wistar rats each was furtherly divided  into five groups 8 rats each, normal control, diabetic, gonadectomized  diabetic, 17 beta estradiol is given to female and testosterone propionate to male diabetic and gonadectomized diabetic. In all groups 24 hours urine, albumin excretion, blood urea, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, fasting blood glucose, reduced glutathione, and malonaldelhyde were measured. Histopathological examination of the kidney of all animals studied were done.

Results: Evidence of deterioration of kidney function in diabetic compared to normal and this deterioration become worse with evidence of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia in gonadectomized diabetic of both sexes compared to diabetic alone.

17 beta estradiol, given to diabetic female or ovariectomizead diabetic causes improvement of all renal parameters, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic effect. Testosterone propionate given to diabetic or castrated diabetic causes insignificant change in kidney function when compared to diabetic without testosterone. All these results was evidenced with histopathogical changes in the kidney of all groups studied, however castration causes hyperglycemia which is improved by testosterone also there is evidences of oxidative stress in diabetic male rats and insignificant changes in reduced glutathione and malonaldehyde in castrated male and when testosterone is given to diabetic or castrated diabetic. 

Conclusions: Estradiol, therapy is renoprotective which could be taken as effective regimen to attenuate the onset and progression of diabetic renal disease. Also caution should be taken when testosterone is considered as a treatment in diabetic with renal complication.