Alternative Building Materials to Concrete in A Tropical Region: A Review

Abstract

This review paper explores the potential of alternative building materials to enhance sustainability in construction, particularly within tropical regions facing unique environmental challenges. It synthesizes findings from various studies focusing on materials such as Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSB), wood, bamboo, and coconut-based composites. The research examines the structural integrity, durability, and environmental benefits of these materials compared to traditional construction methods. Through a comprehensive analysis of literature, the paper highlights how alternative materials can ad-dress pressing issues such as climate resilience, resource scarcity, and urbanization challenges. It underscores the socio-economic implications of adopting these materials, emphasizing their ability to foster local economies, create jobs, and reduce dependence on imported resources. Key findings reveal that Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSB) not only improves housing quality in flood-prone areas but also offers socio-economic benefits, while wood’s renewable properties position it as a viable alternative for sustainable construction. Bamboo is identified as a cost-effective solution with significant potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, coconut-based composites demonstrate promise in enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete, showcasing innovative waste utilization strategies. Overall, this review advocates for a paradigm shift in construction practices that embraces alternative materials, promoting both environmental sustainability and economic development. The findings suggest that integrating these materials into mainstream construction could significantly improve resilience to environmental challenges, reduce costs, and foster local economies, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable built environment.