Burden of anaemia among In- and Out-Patients at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: On a global scale, anaemia is a significant public health problem. Most affected are developing nations including Nigeria. Anaemia, in form of low haematocrit, is the commonest haematology laboratory feature among hospital patients. It is useful as an indicator and monitor of disease burden and overall treatment outcomes in the community and hospitals. Objectives: This study seeks to evaluate the overall prevalence, distribution and severity of anaemia among patients and clients receiving care from different units at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Methodology: This study is a descriptive, retrospective study conducted at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Patients’ haematocrit documented in various laboratory units in the hospital over a six months period were retrieved, collated and analysed. Anaemia was defined by haemoglobin levels less than 11g/dl (haematocrit less than 33%). Results were presented in tables, frequency counts and percentages. Result: The overall prevalence of anaemia was determined to be 27.3%. Most cases of anaemia were mild to moderate in severity. In-patients had a higher burden of anaemia. The most severe forms occurred among patients seen at the Accident and Emergency Unit. Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia among hospital patients is high. Its treatment and control is crucial to improving general health among patients and the community at large. As such, sustainable efforts should be directed at its control in order to reduce its attendant health and socio-economic implications.