A Rare Case of Metanephric Adenofibroma in a Young Adult in Zaria: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Metanephric neoplasms are rare renal neoplasms identified in both pediatric and adult populations. Metanephric adenofibroma (MAF) is a rare, biphasic, benign tumor containing both stromal and epithelial components and could be potentially mistaken as Wilms’ tumor (WT) or Renal cell carcinoma. Patients with MAF have ranged from 13 months to 36 years (median 28 months) with no sex preponderance. Here we report a case of MAF in a young woman. A 25-year-old female was referred on account of 3 years history of recurrent right flank pain, a year history of hypertension and microscopic hematuria. Radiological results showed a fairly circumscribed tumor in the lower pole of the right kidney and serial packed cell volume showing an elevated hematocrit count for her age. A right radical nephrectomy was performed and pathology showed a well circumscribed variegated tumor in the lower pole with histology of a biphasic proliferation of bland acinar structures and myofibroblastic nodules. The blood pressure and packed cell volume reduced to normal levels following surgery. No adjuvant chemotherapy was given. In conclusion, MAF is a very rare renal tumor found in both children and young adults that falls into the larger category of metanephric tumors. The radiologic appearances of MAF are non-diagnostic and impossible to distinguish from other solid renal tumors. Histology is however diagnostic and prognosis is good with resolution of symptoms following radical nephrectomy.