Invasive Breast Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Stromal Giant Cells and Triple-Negative Immunophenotype: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Breast carcinoma with osteoclast-like stromal giant cells (OGCs) is a rare variant of invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type. (NST).  The unique stromal features of this tumour can be found in some other invasive breast carcinoma such as papillary carcinoma. lobular  carcinoma, and metaplastic carcinoma. The origin of OGC have been shown to be derived from macrophages and the tumour biology  showed variable immunophenotyping and prognosis. Thus, we report a case of a 43-year-old woman who had a painless lump in her left  breast that had grown larger over a period of 2 months. The lump had specific histopathological characteristics that were consistent with  invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (NST) with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGC), Nottingham grade 3 and its pathological stage  was pT4N0Mx (clinical stage IVb). The tumour cells were not immunoreactive with human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2),  progesterone receptor (PR), and oestrogen receptor (ER) antibodies. She underwent a left breast mastectomy, followed by conventional  chemotherapy and was tumour-free for two years. The left mastectomy defect was subsequently repaired using a transverse  thoracoepigastric flap. A crucial factor in the patient's mortality was a recurrence that showed up at the patient's follow-up appointment  after eight months, along with accompanying bleeding from the mass lesion site with associated severe anaemia. The prognosis is  unpredictable in IBC with OGC and triplenegative molecular subtypes. Our case offers information about the patient’s characteristics and  case presentation.