Impact Of Lamda Cyhalothrin Pyrethroid Insecticide On The Uptake Of Cations And Anions By The Gills Of Freshwater Catfish Hybrid Juvenile

Abstract

The impact o acute exposure of karate (Lambda cyhalothrin pyrethroid) insecticide was evaluatedin a 4 – day exposure period at 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm to Heterobranchus bidosals(+) X Clarias gariepinus(♂) fngerlingsshowed the 96-hlc 50 as 25.11 ppm. The threshold value was 25. 11 ppm. The gills of the exposed fish analyzed showed a significant decrease in all major cations and anions(C^1-, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺) at P < 0.05). There was no inhibion of upake of the catons and anions (C^1-, Ca²⁺ Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺). Their uptakeincreased rapidly during the 24 hr period and dropped at 48hr and 72 hr and gradualy increased at the end of 96 hr showing that it was time dependent. During the exposure period the fish stood in upright position with their snouts above the water surface gasping for air. Other behavioral characteristics of the exposed fish were peeling of the skin, initial increase in opercula movement, curvature of the body, loss of balance, erratic swimming and quietness Based the outcome of this research and under similar experimental condition it is the recommendation of this research that this pyrethroid will affect the uptake of the major cations and anions. It further advises environmental officers, crop farmers and insecticides habitual users to be cautious on the use of thisinsecticide because of the resultant consequences of the misuse.

Keywords: Karate, Uptake, Cations, Anions, Gills, Catfish, Toxicity

Animal Research International Vol. 4 (1) 2007 pp. 591-596