Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of medical students regarding occupational risks of Hepatitis B virus in college of medicine, Aljouf University

Abstract

Background: Medical students represent a population that is at high‑risk group for acquiring and spreading hepatitis B infection (HBV).
Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes among male student regarding occupational risks of HBV infection.
Subjects and Methods: During March 2013, a descriptive cross‑sectional study was conducted on medical students of Aljouf University College of Medicine. Structured questionnaires of 16 different statements concerning knowledge base of HBV, attitudes as well as practices toward occupational risks of hepatitis B were distributed to 120 students.
Results: Response rate of 76.7% (92/120) yielded 92 questionnaires for analysis. Majority of the students surveyed 62.0% (57/92) perceived that they are at high risk of contracting and spreading HBV. The rate of this perception among students who had a history of training on universal precautions was more than that found among those who did not have (70.8% vs. 58.8%; P < 0.01). Most of the students surveyed 63.0% (58/92) considered vaccine is safe and more than half 52.2% (48/92) were vaccinated against HBV. There were a very strong agreement about needlestick 92.4% (85/92) and blood 87.0% (80/92) as efficient modes of HBV transmission. Seventy‑two percent of the participants did not have any knowledge about post‑exposure prophylaxis for hepatitis B. A significant relationship was found between students who had a history of training on universal precautions and knowledge about post needlestick injury (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Infectious occupational risk of hepatitis B remains a challenge for medical students and the foundations of the medical institutes. Students must complete an infection control training before they start their clinical education.

Keywords: Attitudes, Hepatitis B, Knowledge, Medical students, Saudi Arabia