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Chemical composition and prophylactic effects of Saturja khuzestanica essential oil on acute toxoplasmosis in mice


Hossein Mahmoudvand
Maryam Beyranvand
Hassan Nayebzadeh
Shirzad Fallahi
Seyyed Reza Mirbadie
Farnaz Kheirandish
Mohammad Hassan Kayedi

Abstract

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread zoonotic protozoan that infects approximately one third of the global human population and all other warm-blooded animals. The present study aims to evaluate the prophylactic effects of Satureja khuzestanica essential oil (SKEO) on infected mice with acute toxoplasmosis.

Materials and Methods: The components of the SKEO were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). To evaluate the prophylactic effects of SKEO, mice were divided into four groups. (i) non-treated group, (ii) mice treated with olive oil once a day for two weeks, (iii) mice treated with SKEO at the dose of 0.2ml/kg once a day for two weeks, (iv) and mice orally treated with SKEO at the dose of 0.3 ml/kg once a day for two weeks. After 24 h (fifteenth day) mice in the groups of two-four were infected intraperitonealy with 10-4 tachyzoite of T. gondii, RH strain. The mortality rate in all infected mice and the number of tachyzoites from infected mice were recorded.

Results: The main components of SKEO were carvacrol (78.8%), thymol (7.5%), and beta-Bisabolene (1.2%). Findings of prophylactic effects revealed that mortality rate of infected mice was 8 days after oral administration of SKEO at the concentration of 0.2 and 0.3ml/kg (P<0.05). In contrast, this value for control group was 5 days. In addition, SKEO significantly reduced the mean number of tachyzoites compared with control group (P<0.05). No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematological parameters following oral administrations of SKEO at the doses of 0.2 and 0.3 ml/kg for 14 days.

Conclusion: The results showed the potential of SKEO as a natural source for the production of new prophylactic agent for use in toxoplasmosis.

Keywords: GC/MS; Satureja khuzestanica; Toxoplasma gondii; In vivo; Mice


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eISSN: 0189-6016