Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffaL. consumption during pregnancy on biochemical parameters and litter birth weight in rats

Abstract

Background: Extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS; family: Malvaceae) are widely believed in folk medicine to be effective in the treatment of a variety of ailments. In Nigeria, anecdotal reports by women who consume HS during pregnancy suggest that they consume it because of the folkloric belief that it makes them “feel lighter”. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal consumption of HS during pregnancy on litter birth weight and the functional integrity of the liver of pregnant rats.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six rats aged twelve to fourteen weeks were used. On day 1 of  pregnancy, the rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Group A were given tap water, group B were given 0.6g/100ml while group C were given 1.8g/100ml of the extract. On day 18 of pregnancy, blood samples were taken for determination of Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum  glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase, urea and creatinine.
Results: Gestational length, litter size and birth weights were recorded at delivery. HS consumption did  not affect (P>0.05) SGOT level but increased (P<0.05) the SGPT and decreased (P<0.05) ALP and  creatinine levels. The low dose HS decreased (P<0.05) while the high dose HS increased (P<0.05) the urea level. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the length of gestation but litter sizes and litter birth weights were significantly (P<0.05) lower and higher respectively when compared with the control.
Conclusion: We conclude that consumption of HS during pregnancy increases litter birth weight possibly  through the gluconeogenic activities of the elevated SGPT.

Key words: SGOT, SGPT, Urea, Creatinine, Birth weight, Hibiscus sabdariffa