Social support as conduit for reintegrating prison inmates into mainstream Ghanaian society

Abstract

This research investigates the role of social support services in the rehabilitation of inmates within Ghanaian prisons, specifically at  Ankaful Maximum and Nsawam Medium security prisons. Guided by rehabilitation theory, and the functionalist theory, the study seeks to explore the current state, rationale, and experiences associated with social support services for the ultimate reintegration of inmates into mainstream society post-incarceration. Using a qualitative design, the research employed semi-structured interviews with 29 participants, including inmates (recidivists), prison officers, and social welfare staff. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns and themes within the data. Findings revealed that while social support have the potential to reduce recidivism and foster self-sufficiency, their effectiveness is significantly hindered by systemic challenges such as insufficient funding, inadequate infrastructure, and uneven
distribution of services across facilities. Despite these barriers, some success was noted at Nsawam medium security prison, where programs such as carpentry, masonry, and blacksmithing contributed to the rehabilitation and reintegration of inmates postincarceration. The study also highlighted a disconnect between policy intentions and actual outcomes, with participants emphasizing the need for greater governmental commitment to funding and inproving social support programs. In conclusion, the
research underscores the potential of social support services in facilitating rehabilitation and ultimately boosting reintegration of inmates into mainstream society after incarceration. In order to make the potential a reality, there is the need for systemic reform to improve upon social support services in Ghanaian prisons. Recommendations made include the need for an integrated, multi stakeholder approach in delivering social support services in Ghanaian prisons. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), civil society organizations (CSOs), and private-sector actors should collaborate with the Ghana Prisons Service to design and implement sustainable social support systems.