The contribution of digital technology in exacerbating gender based violence against female students in higher learning institutions in Tanzania.

Abstract

Studies indicate that gender-based violence has been practised and sometimes normalised at higher learning institution campuses in Tanzania. Despite various efforts to curb the GBV, at Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy, studies indicate that violent incidences directed at female students persist, and cases are increasing. Inspired by the objectification school of thought, the study aimed to  collect information from female students’ awareness of offline and online gender-based violence as well as their knowledge of the contribution of digital technology to the aggravation of cyber harassment. The study was undertaken at Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy. It involved 343 female students who filled in the online survey questionnaire. Thirty-four (34) of those who were harassed online were interviewed and participated in an FGD while 10 Key informants were interviewed. The results indicate that MNMA female students are aware of gender-based violence but are shallowly knowledgeable on the root causes of online gender-based violence. The study has found that digital technology supports aggravation by concealing the perpetrator; increasing accessibility of victims; multiplying violent incidences; extending aggression in space and time and providing a platform for female students’ self-objectification. It is concluded that still the struggle against gender inequality persists and that digitisation complicates the phenomenon. The study recommends that higher learning institutions should continue their efforts to challenge the prevailing gender inequality gaps and increase awareness to enable students of both sexes.