Unraveling the impact of electromagnetic radiation on human health: A comprehensive review

Abstract

This comprehensive review examines the potential health effects of prolonged exposure to electromagnetic radiation, specifically from  cell phones and base station transmitters. The study incorporates experimental and epidemiological research from reputable databases  up to 2024 to assess the biological impacts of radiofrequency (RF) radiation on various organs and health outcomes. The mechanisms of electromagnetic radiation-induced damage include DNA damage, disruptions in the blood-brain barrier, oxidative stress, and effects on cognitive function and sleep. Potential risks, such as brain tumors, cancers, fertility issues, and neurological effects, are discussed. Safety measures by organizations like ICNIRP and WHO, public awareness campaigns, and natural remedies to reduce exposure are also  addressed. Acknowledging limitations, the review calls for continued research and collaboration among stakeholders to consider new  developments. Challenges related to base station transmitter exposure, including public concerns and regulatory compliance, are  identified. In conclusion, the review emphasizes responsible decision-making and ongoing research to ensure the safe deployment of  wireless technologies while protecting public well-being from electromagnetic radiation exposure. Implementation of safety guidelines is  crucial for mitigating potential risks.