Factors associated with HIV infection among clients accessing HIV counseling and testing services in a Secondary Referral Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: HIV counselling and testing (HCT) provides an opportunity for people to learn more about the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). This study assessed the knowledge of, and factors associated with, HIV infections among clients assessing HCT services referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of records of clients who assessed HCT services at Mainland Hospital Lagos, Nigeria, between July 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, was done. Multivariate analysis was done to identify the factors associated with HIV infection and knowledge of HIV.
Results: A total of 4273 clients were screened for HIV within the study period. The mean age of clients was 38.5±14.4.Male:Female ratio was 1:0.87. The prevalence of HIV infection was 19%. Factors associated with HIV infection were: age above 24 years, being female (AOR 1.6 95% CI 1.4–2.0, p<0.001), previous marriage (divorced, widowed, separated) (AOR 2.3 95% CI 1.7– 3.3, p<0.001) and poor knowledge of HIV (AOR 2.9 95% CI 2.2–3.6, p<0.001). Males were 15 times more likely to have good knowledge of HIV than females (AOR 14.5 95%CI 10.5– 20.0, p<0.001). In addition, the clients who were single (AOR 3.6 95% CI 2.4–5.4, p<0.001) and married (AOR 3.9 95% CI 2.9–5.3, p<0.001) were four times more likely to have good  knowledge of HIV than clients who were previously married.
Conclusion: More proactive measures are required to educate the public, especially women who were previously married, on HIV
transmission and prevention.

Key Words: Clients, HIV, HIV counselling and testing, Knowledge of HIV, Lagos, Nigeria.