Study of D-dimer, CRP & ferritin status as independent risk factors for severity of the clinical aspects in patients with COVID-19 in Erbil, Iraq

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory disease which can evolve into multi-organ failure (MOF), leading to death. Several biochemical alterations have been described in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to look at the ratio of D-dimer, CRP (C- reactive protein), and ferritin as independent risk variables in COVID-19 illness patients in Erbil Governorate, Iraq.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this retrospective data collection study, we aimed to determine the number of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were admitted to Rizgary and Komary hospitals. Moreover, we collected data, including demographic features and laboratory analysis results regarding: D-dimer, Ferritin and CRP(C- reactive protein) extracted from the patient's medical records. Patients were Erbil residents admitted to Rizgary & Komary educational hospital from 1st April to 1st November 2020, with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection using SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid using RT-PCR. CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin levels had been routinely measured on admission.
RESULTS
CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin levels were measured in 234 individuals (115 men and 119 women). The group aged 15-25 was the least afflicted, while the age group 45-55 had the most COVID-19 patients. The frequency of this disorder did not differ statistically significantly between men and women. According to a massive increase in CRP, men showed a far higher risk than women. In the research groups, there were no statistically significant differences in ferritin changes between males and females. In terms of D-dimer, there was no statistically significant difference between males and females in either of the studied groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher CRP levels, indicating a higher risk of disease and predicting and measuring the onset of the disease in the first few days, are mandatory in tracking COVID-19 disease.