In-vitro Antimicrobial Properties of Methanol extracts of three Medicinal Plants from Kilifi District - Kenya

Abstract

Multidrug resistant microbes are a health management challenge in immunocopromised individuals. The study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial potential and toxicity of the methanol extracts of Hosludia opposita, Rhus natalensis and Combretum illairii. The plants were collected from Kilifi District and authenticated at East African Herbarium. Samples collected were extracted in methanol. Quantitative bioassay was done using disc diffusion method; minimum inhibition concentration was done using broth dilution methods. The isolates used for bioactivity testing were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentarophyte. Phytochemical screening was done using thin layer chromatograpy and cell toxicity was done using human embryonic lung cells. The H. opposita and C. illairii had terpenoids, flavonoids and anthaquinones. All the extracts were safe to the mammalian cells. Combretum illairii plant extracts had good activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with inhibition zones diameters of 15.60 mm and 17.00 mm respectively. Rhus natalensis had an MIC of 6.25mg/ against both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The plant extracts were active against both bacteria and fungi. The result indicates that’s the plants extracts have potential for managing infections caused by the tested microbes. Isolation of compounds present and determination of their bioactivity should be done together with conservation initiatives.