Renewable energy resource assessment and deployment: A comprehensive review

Abstract

This study examines methodologies and technologies for assessing and deploying renewable energy resources to mitigate climate change and enhance energy security. It employs a systematic literature review, stakeholder surveys, and interviews, along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and multicriteria analysis to evaluate potential sites. Case studies of successful projects highlight best practices. The research reveals significant regional variations in renewable energy potential, with Africa showing immense prospects for solar, wind, and biomass energy. Advanced mapping techniques are crucial for identifying and visualizing these resources. Key findings emphasize the importance of stakeholder engagement, robust regulatory frameworks, and innovative financing mechanisms for successful project implementation. The study underscores the need for cohesive energy policies, increased funding for research and development, and incentives for private investment. Recommendations include establishing clear regulatory frameworks, boosting R&D funding, and encouraging private sector participation. The study's insights are valuable for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in the renewable energy sector, highlighting the critical role of comprehensive resource assessment and strategic planning in the transition to renewable energy.