Microbiological and kinetic detection of gram negative bacilli producing extended-spectrum- β-lactamases (esbl) in emergencies and reanimation units of university hospital center, Yalgadoouedraogo, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Background: Epidemiology of extended-Spectrum- β-lactamases has become worldwide, and our aim was to establish the prevalence of isolates producer in university hospital center Yalgado OUEDRAOGO particularly in reanimation and emergencies units.

Material and methods: Prospective study was drive during July 2009 to march 2012 in order to collect strains resisting to third generation of cephalosporin during diagnosis analysis of biological specimens. Susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial agents was evaluated by disc diffusion method. Production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases has been investigated by double disc diffusion and kinetic methods.

Results: 259 isolates which resisted at least to one of third generation of cephalosporins were collected. Among them 188 (72, 58 %) were positive to synergy test by a double disc diffusion method. The MICs of ceftriaxone determined by E-test were under than 50kg/ml, 100kg/ml et 256kg/ml for respect 81,57°/° ; 55,26°/° et 39,74°/° of isolates. Hydrolyze of β-lactam ring by bacterial extract followed at spectrophotometer showed speeds running at 0 to 0,090UAb.mn-1 for both isolates. Extract of 171 bacterial strains positives to synergy test had hydrolyzed at least one of oxy-iminocephalosporins and were identified as producing extended- spectrum β-lactamases. Spices reported by this study were 99 Escherichia coli (57,89%) ; 28 Klebsisella pneumonia (16,37%) ; 15 Enterobactersp (8,77%) ; 19 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11,11%) ; 4 Citrobactersp (2,33%) 2 Acinetobactersp (1,16%), 3 Proteus mirabilis (1,75%) and 1 Salmonella typhi (0,05%).

Conclusion: This study showed that bacterial resistances by extended- spectrum β-lactamases are a reality in University Hospital center YalgadoOuedraogo. It calls about antibiotics prescription and hospital hygiene in order to reduce emergence and propagation of new resisting bacterial.

Keywords: microbial and kinetic analysis, Gram negative bacilli, extended-Spectrum- β-lactamase, emergencies, reanimation