Diabetes Awareness and Health Behaviours Among University Students and Staff

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, occurs due to either insufficient insulin production or ineffective utilization of insulin by the body. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) reports that approximately 463 million adults worldwide are affected by diabetes, a number expected to rise to 700 million by 2045. Despite its widespread impact, research on diabetes awareness at the university level is limited, with a notable absence of studies focused on university students and staff. The aim of our study was to assess the level of awareness about diabetes risk factors and health behaviours among the students and staff of GD Goenka University. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 710 participants, gathering data on their awareness, risk factors, and health behaviours related to diabetes. The results indicated varying levels of awareness between staff and students, with staff showing higher levels of knowledge. Key risk factors, including family history, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, and obesity, were more prevalent among staff members than students. Both groups displayed suboptimal adherence to a balanced diet, though physical activity levels were higher among staff. Significant associations were found between the type of participant (student or staff) and their awareness of diabetes, risk factors, and health behaviours. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to enhance diabetes awareness and encourage healthier behaviours within university communities. To address modifiable risk factors and reduce the diabetes burden in educational settings, collaboration between healthcare professionals, educators, and policymakers is essential.