Diabetes Mellitus: Understanding the disease, its diagnosis, and management strategies in present scenario

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus, often called diabetes mellitus, is a chronic disease that is characterized by a high blood sugar level. This problem occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a substance produced by the pancreas that controls the uptake of glucose into cells and eventually its conversion into energy. Diabetes has many forms, such as "type 1 DM", "type 2 DM" and last not least but "gestational DM". Good blood sugar control includes keeping blood sugar levels in the target range through a healthy diet, regular exercise, medications (if needed), and blood sugar monitoring. Regular physical examinations, including eye and foot examinations, are important for detecting and managing potential problems. Although diabetes cannot be cured, appropriate treatment and lifestyle changes can provide good control, enabling people with diabetes to lead healthy and productive lives. An appropriate diabetes management plan should be developed in collaboration with the physician.