Effect of Withania Coagulans Dunal on genomic analysis of nociceptive threshold in DRG of STZ induced rats followed by histopathology of paw skin

Abstract

Background: The most prevalent kind is distal symmetrical neuropathy, which affects sensory nerves. Both small and large nerve fibres suffer. Following foot ulceration and amputation, this neuropathy causes death and morbidity. Up to 50% of type 1 and 2 diabetics are affected. Insulin and other growth hormones help neurons survive and develop. Insufficient signalling from these factors and nerve regeneration can cause neuropathy.
Objective: To examine how Withania Coagulans Dunal fruit extract affects diabetic neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats utilizing behavioural models, genomic analysis with RTPCR, and hind paw skin histology of epidermal nerve fibres.
Methods: A single intraperitoneal injection of freshly produced Streptozotocin (55mg/kg body weight, in 0.1M citrate buffer (pH 4.5)) caused diabetes in Sprague Dawley male rats (180-250 g). After one week of STZ injection, hyperglycemia developed. Six groups of moderately diabetic rats with glycosuria and hyperglycemia (blood glucose levels > 250 mg/dl) were studied. Diabetesinduced rats received 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg oral Ethyl acetate fraction of Withania Coagulans (EAWC). Results were presented as mean ± SD. Analyses included ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests. In week 5, all groups nociceptive thresholds were assessed using Rotarod motor in coordination, hot plate thermal allodynia, cold water tail immersion, Von Frey hair test Mechano-tactile test, and Randall–Selitto paw pressure test mechanical hyperalgesia.
Results: The dose-dependent reduction in nociceptive threshold was considerably reduced by Withania Coagulans fruits extract. Epidermal nerve fibres grow with epidermis thickness. Pain threshold genes also increase in L4-L6 DRG. The study found that Withania Coagulans fruits reduced diabetic and neuropathic pain in mice.
Conclusion: Present study shown that Ethyl acetate fraction of Withania Coagulans fruits, rich in flavonoids and able to penetrate BBB, may help streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with neuropathy. This study also proposes molecular techniques targeting these alterations to cure incurable illnesses.